Adverb Clauses, Phrases, and Adverbials

Adverb Clause	Adverb Phrase	Adverbial
While I was walking to class, I ran into an old friend.	While walking to class, I ran into an old friend.	Walking to class, I ran into an old friend.
Before/after I came to class, I grabbed a cup of coffee.	Before/after coming to class, I grabbed a cup of coffee.
Since I came to the U.S., I have made a lot of new friends.	Since coming to the U.S., I have made a lot of new friends.
Because she needed some money to buy a book, Alina cashed a check. Because I didn’t want him to feel depressed, I didn’t tell him the bad news.		Needing some money to buy a book, Alina cashed a check.
		Not wanting him to feel depressed, I didn’t tell him the bad news.
Because she had already seen that movie, Zahra didn’t want to go.		Having already seen that movie, Zahra didn’t want to go.
Because she WAS unable to buy a car, Nouf bought a bike. Because she was aware of the problem, Olivia offered to help. Because she is unaware of the problem, she hasn’t offered to help. Because he didn’t sleep well the night before, Yener looked tired in class yesterday.	Being unable to buy a car, Nouf bought a bike. Being aware of the problem, Olivia offered to help. Being unaware of the problem, Olivia hasn’t offered to help.	Unable to buy a car, Nouf bought a bike. Aware of the problem, Olivia offered to help
		Unaware of the problem, Olivia hasn’t offered to help. Not having slept well the night before, Yener looked tired in class yesterday.